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Expert · Certifications and cloud careers · topic 49 of 50 · 35 min

Portfolio projects that get interviews

Explanation

A certificate says you studied; a project shows you can build. Four projects cover most of what interviewers ask: a static website on S3 and CloudFront with HTTPS, a serverless API with API Gateway, Lambda and DynamoDB, a three-tier app in a custom VPC built with Terraform, and a monitoring and cost dashboard. Document each one with an architecture diagram, a cost estimate, your security choices and teardown steps, and always set a budget and delete resources when you finish.

Why projects matter

Hundreds of candidates apply for each fresher cloud role with the same certificate. A public GitHub repository with working infrastructure code and a clear README makes you different. In interviews, projects give you real stories: what you built, what broke and how you fixed it. Interviewers trust those stories more than definitions.

Project 1: static website with HTTPS

Host a personal site or résumé page in a private S3 bucket. Put Amazon CloudFront in front, using origin access control (OAC) so only CloudFront can read the bucket. Request a free certificate from AWS Certificate Manager in us-east-1 and attach it to CloudFront. If you own a domain, create a Route 53 alias record pointing to the distribution. What it proves: S3, CDN, TLS, DNS and bucket security. Cost: usually a few rupees a month plus the domain.

Project 2: serverless API

Build a small API, for example a to-do list or a library book tracker: API Gateway (HTTP API) receives requests, a Lambda function in Python or Node.js handles them, and DynamoDB stores the items in on-demand mode. Give the function an IAM role that can touch only that one table. Add CloudWatch logs and an alarm on errors. What it proves: serverless design, IAM least privilege, NoSQL data modelling, monitoring. Cost: often near zero at low traffic.

Project 3: three-tier app with Terraform

Write Terraform code for a custom VPC across two Availability Zones with public, private and database subnets. An Application Load Balancer sits in the public subnets, an Auto Scaling group of EC2 instances runs the app in private subnets, and RDS (Multi-AZ if your budget allows) sits in the database subnets. Security groups chain: internet to ALB on 443, ALB to app on the app port, app to database on 5432 or 3306. What it proves: networking, high availability, infrastructure as code, the designs asked about in SAA-C03. Cost warning: the NAT gateway, load balancer and RDS charge every hour. Build it, test it, screenshot it, and run terraform destroy the same day.

bash
terraform init
terraform plan -out plan.tfplan
terraform apply plan.tfplan
# test, take screenshots, note the outputs
terraform destroy
The whole lifecycle in four commands. Never leave a practice stack running overnight.

Project 4: monitoring and cost dashboard

Build a CloudWatch dashboard for one of the projects above: request count, error rate, latency, Lambda duration, CPU of the Auto Scaling group. Add alarms that email you through SNS. Then add the cost side: an AWS Budget with alerts, cost allocation tags such as Project and Environment, and a Cost Explorer view grouped by tag. What it proves: you think about operations and money, which is exactly what employers worry about.

How to document a project

A README is the front page of your repository. Recruiters may read only this, so make it clear in two minutes.

output
# Serverless book tracker (AWS)

## What it does
A REST API to add, list and delete books. Live demo: (link, or a short screen recording)

## Architecture
(diagram: client -> API Gateway -> Lambda -> DynamoDB; CloudWatch logs and alarm)

## Services and why I chose them
API Gateway HTTP API (cheaper and simpler than REST API for this use), Lambda (no servers),
DynamoDB on-demand (pay per request, scales to zero).

## Security choices
Lambda role can only read and write the Books table. No access keys in code. HTTPS only.

## Cost estimate
About US$0 to 1 per month at 10,000 requests (AWS Pricing Calculator link).

## How to deploy and tear down
terraform apply ... / terraform destroy ...

## What I learned and what I would improve
Cold starts, DynamoDB key design, adding authentication with Cognito next.
A README outline that answers the questions an interviewer would ask.
Tip: Use a free diagram tool and the official AWS architecture icons for the diagram. Put screenshots of the working system in the repository, so the project still shows after you tear it down.
Careful: Common mistakes: (1) Forgetting teardown and getting a bill for a NAT gateway or RDS instance left running for a month. Set a budget alert before you start. (2) Committing access keys or terraform.tfstate with secrets to a public repository. Add a .gitignore and keep secrets out of code. (3) Copying a tutorial line by line without understanding it: interviewers ask "why did you choose this?". (4) Ten half-finished projects instead of three complete, documented ones.

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Watch the lesson

Portfolio projects that get interviews · 1/7

Projects beat promises

A certificate says you studied. A project shows you can build. Interviewers love real stories.

Prefer a video by a teacher? Find free videos on “AWS portfolio projects for beginners S3 CloudFront Lambda DynamoDB Terraform” on YouTube ↗

In real life: Two projects, three interview calls

Sneha, a final-year B.Tech student in Coimbatore, builds Project 1 for her résumé site and Project 2 as a canteen pre-order API for her college, then Project 3 with Terraform in one weekend, tearing it down each evening. Her total AWS bill for two months is under ₹300 because of a budget alert at ₹500. Her GitHub has three READMEs with diagrams and cost estimates. In placement interviews at two IT services companies and a Chennai startup, interviewers spend most of the time asking about her projects. She gets two offers for cloud associate roles.

Practice (0/4 done)

Task 1 · Question

In the static website project, how should the S3 bucket be protected?

Task 2 · Code · Javascript

Write monthlyCost(items) to estimate a project's monthly bill. Each item has name, hourly (US$ per hour, may be 0) and monthly (a fixed US$ amount per month, may be 0). Use 730 hours in a month. Return the total rounded to 2 decimal places as a number.

Task 3 · Practice

Build Project 1 (static website on S3 and CloudFront with HTTPS) in your own account, or write the exact build plan if you cannot. Then tear it down, or keep it if it costs only a few rupees and you want it live.

Task 4 · Practice

Write the README for one of your projects (or for Project 2 if you have not built one yet), following the outline in this topic.

Quick quiz

Question 1

1.Which Route 53 record lets your domain point straight at a CloudFront distribution?

Question 2

2.Which part of the three-tier project keeps charging every hour even with no traffic, so it must be torn down after practice?

Question 3

3.Which item should NEVER be committed to a public project repository?

Question 4

4.What makes a portfolio README most useful to an interviewer?

Read more (free)

Open a question to see the answer and why. The first ones are this topic's own quiz, so try the quiz above before you peek.

Which Route 53 record lets your domain point straight at a CloudFront distribution?

Answer: An alias record

An alias record maps the name to an AWS resource such as CloudFront; MX is for mail, TXT for text values and PTR for reverse lookups.

Which part of the three-tier project keeps charging every hour even with no traffic, so it must be torn down after practice?

Answer: The NAT gateway, load balancer and RDS instance

NAT gateways, load balancers and databases have hourly charges; IAM and security groups are free.

Which item should NEVER be committed to a public project repository?

Answer: Access keys or a state file containing secrets

Keys and state files with secrets must stay out of Git; use .gitignore and a remote state backend.

What makes a portfolio README most useful to an interviewer?

Answer: A diagram, reasons for each service, security choices, cost and teardown steps

Interviewers want to see your decisions and that you think about security and cost.

Why is CloudFront preferred over the S3 website endpoint for a public site?Related

Answer: CloudFront gives HTTPS, caching and lets the bucket stay private

The website endpoint is HTTP only and needs public read. CloudFront with OAC keeps the bucket private and adds HTTPS and caching.

From Securing and sharing S3 data

Your EC2 dashboard shows CPU but no memory use. Why?Related

Answer: EC2 cannot see inside the OS; install the CloudWatch agent

The hypervisor sees CPU, network and disk I/O, but not memory used inside the OS. The CloudWatch agent sends it as a custom metric.

From Monitoring with CloudWatch, CloudTrail and Config

In which region must an ACM certificate be for a CloudFront distribution?Related

Answer: us-east-1

CloudFront uses certificates from ACM in US East (N. Virginia), us-east-1.

From DNS and CDN: Route 53 and CloudFront

You tagged everything with Project, but Cost Explorer cannot group by it. What is missing?Related

Answer: The tags must be activated as cost allocation tags

User-defined tags must be activated in the Billing console before cost reports can use them.

From Cost control in practice

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